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The Books of Moses - An Old Testament Commentary - Volume I

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Bible Term Soul, Spirit
The word “soul” is used in several senses in the Bible. (a) It may signify an individual person (Ezek. 18:20). (b) It may be employed of mere biological life (Gen. 1:30). (c) It can have to do with...
Bible Term Spiritual
The adjective “spiritual” has several senses. (a) It may refer to a being that is “spirit” in nature, e.g., angels (Eph. 6:12). (b) Spiritual may denote that which is from God, thus is lofty in its...
Bible Term Suffering
“Suffering” is a term that embraces the various physical and emotional ills to which the human family is heir. Skeptics charge that human suffering is irreconcilable with the idea of an all-powerfu...
Bible Term Synoptics
The term “synoptic” derives from the Greek word sunoptikos, which means “seeing the whole together.” The word is used to describe the first three Gospel narratives — Matthew, Mark, and Luke — bec...
Bible Term Tabernacle
The Greek word skene (rendered “tabernacle”) means a “tent.” (a) The tabernacle of Moses’ day was a tent of worship, designed by God, and provided for the children of Israel as they wandered in the...
Bible Term Temptation
The original words that are rendered by the English “tempt” are employed in two broad senses in the Scriptures, depending upon the context in which they are found. First, the concept may be that of...
Bible Term Ten Commandments
The “Ten Commandments” constituted the core element of the law of Moses (see Ex. 19:16-20:17). They were written by God himself on the two tables of stone (Ex. 31:18; 32:15-16; 34:1, 28; Dt. 10:4)....
Bible Term Text Of The Bible
The Old Testament was originally written in Hebrew (with certain minor portions in Aramaic), while the New Testament was penned in Koine Greek. None of the original documents (called autographs) of...
Bible Term Tithe
In the N.T. (cf. Heb. 7:6, 9), this term derives from the Greek, dekatos, meaning “tenth.” (a) In the Patriarchal period of history, it appears to have been the practice that godly men gave a tenth...
Bible Term Tongues, Speaking In
Literally speaking, the “tongue” is an organ of taste and speech within the mouth. By metaphorical extension, it is used in literature for a human language. In the N.T., the gift of being able to "...
Bible Term Translation
“Translation” is the process of bringing the message of the Scriptures from the original languages — Hebrew, Aramaic (O.T.), and Greek (N.T.) — into the various languages and dialects of the nati...
Bible Term Transubstantiation
This word signifies “change in substance,” and it reflects the Roman Catholic doctrine that in the communion service, when the priest pronounces the words, “this is my body” and “this is my blood,”...
Bible Term Truth
The term “truth” carries several connotations in the Bible. (a) Truth can convey the idea of loyalty. Those who abide in Jesus’ teaching are “truly” his disciples (Jn. 8:31). (b) True may denote th...
Bible Term Understanding
Some religions are based upon philosophical premises that are embraced emotionally, apart from intellectual substance. That is not the case with Christianity. Christianity is grounded in history, a...
Bible Term Unity
While the term “unity” is rare in the English Bible (Psa. 133:1; Eph. 4:3; 4:13), the idea prevails profusely in a variety of contexts. (a) Unity is that oneness that obtains perfectly among the me...
Bible Term Universalism
The false idea that all men will be saved ultimately is called “universalism.” (a) Universalism is illogical; it suggests that man’s use of his power of choice — for good or evil — is irrelevant....
Bible Term Walk
The common word for “walk” in the New Testament is peripateo. It means to walk around or, in a figurative sense, “to conduct oneself” in a certain way. It was the common Jewish idiom for how one li...
Bible Term War
Two principal Greek words are employed in the N.T. to represent the idea of “fighting” and “war.” Polemeo (18 times) means to “fight” or “make war.” Strateuomai (7 times) is to "carry out a militar...
Bible Term Way
A number of terms, both in the O.T. and the N.T., suggest the idea of a “path” or “way” of travel. The words come to be employed of a “course of conduct,” whether for good (Ex. 18:20; 32:8; Dt. 31:...
Bible Term Works
The term “works” is a perfectly noble word; yet, in the minds of some, there is a distorted view of this biblical term. Especially has the Protestant world reacted negatively to Catholicism’s "work...